xradar furuno backend#

In this example, we read scn/scnx (furuno) data files using the xradar furuno xarray backend.

[1]:

import glob
import gzip
import io
import wradlib as wrl
import warnings

warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import xradar as xd
import datatree as xt
import xarray as xr

try:
    get_ipython().run_line_magic("matplotlib inline")
except:
    plt.ion()

Load furuno scn Data#

Data provided by University of Graz, Austria.

[2]:

fpath = "furuno/0080_20210730_160000_01_02.scn.gz"
f = wrl.util.get_wradlib_data_file(fpath)
vol = xd.io.open_furuno_datatree(f, reindex_angle=False)

Downloading file 'furuno/0080_20210730_160000_01_02.scn.gz' from 'https://github.com/wradlib/wradlib-data/raw/pooch/data/furuno/0080_20210730_160000_01_02.scn.gz' to '/home/runner/work/wradlib/wradlib/wradlib-data'.

Inspect RadarVolume#

[3]:

display(vol)

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:              ()
Data variables:
    volume_number        int64 0
    platform_type        <U5 'fixed'
    instrument_type      <U5 'radar'
    time_coverage_start  <U20 '2021-07-30T16:00:00Z'
    time_coverage_end    <U20 '2021-07-30T16:00:14Z'
    sweep_mode           <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude            float64 15.45
    altitude             float64 407.9
    latitude             float64 47.08
Attributes:
    Conventions:      None
    version:          None
    title:            None
    institution:      None
    references:       None
    source:           None
    history:          None
    comment:          im/exported using xradar
    instrument_name:  None

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (1)
<xarray.DatasetView> Dimensions: (azimuth: 1376, range: 602) Coordinates: elevation (azimuth) float32 ... * range (range) float32 25.0 75.0 125.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04 time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500... sweep_mode <U20 ... longitude float64 ... latitude float64 ... altitude float64 ... * azimuth (azimuth) float32 0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.4 359.7 359.9 Data variables: (12/13) RATE (azimuth, range) float32 ... DBZH (azimuth, range) float32 ... VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... ZDR (azimuth, range) float32 ... KDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... PHIDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... ... ... WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... QUAL (azimuth, range) uint16 ... sweep_number int64 ... prt_mode <U7 ... follow_mode <U7 ... sweep_fixed_angle float64 ...
sweep_0
Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
azimuth: 1376
range: 602
Coordinates: (8)
elevation
(azimuth)
float32
...
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
[1376 values with dtype=float32]
range
(range)
float32
25.0 75.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
50.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
25.0
array([2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04, 3.0075e+04], dtype=float32)
time
(azimuth)
datetime64[ns]
2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500 .....
standard_name :
time
array(['2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.288556500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.299389500', ..., '2021-07-30T16:00:06.245224500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.256057500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.266890500'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
sweep_mode
()
<U20
...
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
longitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
latitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
altitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.7 359.9
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
array([2.1000e-01, 4.7000e-01, 7.4000e-01, ..., 3.5942e+02, 3.5968e+02, 3.5994e+02], dtype=float32)
Data variables: (13)
RATE
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
rainfall_rate
units :
mm h-1
long_name :
rainfall_rate
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
DBZH
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
VRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
ZDR
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
units :
dB
long_name :
Log differential reflectivity H/V
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
KDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees per kilometer
long_name :
Specific differential phase HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
PHIDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees
long_name :
Differential phase HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
RHOHV
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
units :
unitless
long_name :
Correlation coefficient HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
WRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Doppler spectrum width H
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
QUAL
(azimuth, range)
uint16
...
[828352 values with dtype=uint16]
sweep_number
()
int64
...
[1 values with dtype=int64]
prt_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
follow_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
sweep_fixed_angle
()
float64
...
[1 values with dtype=float64]
Attributes: (0)
Dimensions:
Coordinates: (0)
Data variables: (9)
- volume_number
  ()
  int64
  0
```
array(0)
```
- platform_type
  ()
  <U5
  'fixed'
```
array('fixed', dtype='<U5')
```
- instrument_type
  ()
  <U5
  'radar'
```
array('radar', dtype='<U5')
```
- time_coverage_start
  ()
  <U20
  '2021-07-30T16:00:00Z'
```
array('2021-07-30T16:00:00Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- time_coverage_end
  ()
  <U20
  '2021-07-30T16:00:14Z'
```
array('2021-07-30T16:00:14Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  'azimuth_surveillance'
```
array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  15.45
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
array(15.44729)
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  407.9
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
array(407.9)
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  47.08
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
array(47.07734)
```
Attributes: (9)
Conventions :
None
version :
None
title :
None
institution :
None
references :
None
source :
None
history :
None
comment :
im/exported using xradar
instrument_name :
None

Inspect root group#

The sweep dimension contains the number of scans in this radar volume. Further the dataset consists of variables (location coordinates, time_coverage) and attributes (Conventions, metadata).

[4]:

vol.root

[4]:

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:              ()
Data variables:
    volume_number        int64 0
    platform_type        <U5 'fixed'
    instrument_type      <U5 'radar'
    time_coverage_start  <U20 '2021-07-30T16:00:00Z'
    time_coverage_end    <U20 '2021-07-30T16:00:14Z'
    sweep_mode           <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude            float64 15.45
    altitude             float64 407.9
    latitude             float64 47.08
Attributes:
    Conventions:      None
    version:          None
    title:            None
    institution:      None
    references:       None
    source:           None
    history:          None
    comment:          im/exported using xradar
    instrument_name:  None

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (1)
<xarray.DatasetView> Dimensions: (azimuth: 1376, range: 602) Coordinates: elevation (azimuth) float32 ... * range (range) float32 25.0 75.0 125.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04 time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500... sweep_mode <U20 ... longitude float64 ... latitude float64 ... altitude float64 ... * azimuth (azimuth) float32 0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.4 359.7 359.9 Data variables: (12/13) RATE (azimuth, range) float32 ... DBZH (azimuth, range) float32 ... VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... ZDR (azimuth, range) float32 ... KDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... PHIDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... ... ... WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... QUAL (azimuth, range) uint16 ... sweep_number int64 ... prt_mode <U7 ... follow_mode <U7 ... sweep_fixed_angle float64 ...
sweep_0
Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
azimuth: 1376
range: 602
Coordinates: (8)
elevation
(azimuth)
float32
...
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
[1376 values with dtype=float32]
range
(range)
float32
25.0 75.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
50.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
25.0
array([2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04, 3.0075e+04], dtype=float32)
time
(azimuth)
datetime64[ns]
2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500 .....
standard_name :
time
array(['2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.288556500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.299389500', ..., '2021-07-30T16:00:06.245224500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.256057500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.266890500'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
sweep_mode
()
<U20
...
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
longitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
latitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
altitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.7 359.9
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
array([2.1000e-01, 4.7000e-01, 7.4000e-01, ..., 3.5942e+02, 3.5968e+02, 3.5994e+02], dtype=float32)
Data variables: (13)
RATE
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
rainfall_rate
units :
mm h-1
long_name :
rainfall_rate
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
DBZH
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
VRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
ZDR
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
units :
dB
long_name :
Log differential reflectivity H/V
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
KDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees per kilometer
long_name :
Specific differential phase HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
PHIDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees
long_name :
Differential phase HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
RHOHV
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
units :
unitless
long_name :
Correlation coefficient HV
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
WRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Doppler spectrum width H
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
QUAL
(azimuth, range)
uint16
...
[828352 values with dtype=uint16]
sweep_number
()
int64
...
[1 values with dtype=int64]
prt_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
follow_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
sweep_fixed_angle
()
float64
...
[1 values with dtype=float64]
Attributes: (0)
Dimensions:
Coordinates: (0)
Data variables: (9)
- volume_number
  ()
  int64
  0
```
array(0)
```
- platform_type
  ()
  <U5
  'fixed'
```
array('fixed', dtype='<U5')
```
- instrument_type
  ()
  <U5
  'radar'
```
array('radar', dtype='<U5')
```
- time_coverage_start
  ()
  <U20
  '2021-07-30T16:00:00Z'
```
array('2021-07-30T16:00:00Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- time_coverage_end
  ()
  <U20
  '2021-07-30T16:00:14Z'
```
array('2021-07-30T16:00:14Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  'azimuth_surveillance'
```
array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  15.45
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
array(15.44729)
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  407.9
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
array(407.9)
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  47.08
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
array(47.07734)
```
Attributes: (9)
Conventions :
None
version :
None
title :
None
institution :
None
references :
None
source :
None
history :
None
comment :
im/exported using xradar
instrument_name :
None

Inspect sweep group(s)#

The sweep-groups can be accessed via their respective keys. The dimensions consist of range and time with added coordinates azimuth, elevation, range and time. There will be variables like radar moments (DBZH etc.) and sweep-dependend metadata (like fixed_angle, sweep_mode etc.).

[5]:

display(vol["sweep_0"])

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:            (azimuth: 1376, range: 602)
Coordinates:
    elevation          (azimuth) float32 ...
  * range              (range) float32 25.0 75.0 125.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
    time               (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500...
    sweep_mode         <U20 ...
    longitude          float64 ...
    latitude           float64 ...
    altitude           float64 ...
  * azimuth            (azimuth) float32 0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.4 359.7 359.9
Data variables: (12/13)
    RATE               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    DBZH               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    VRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    ZDR                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    KDP                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    PHIDP              (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    ...                 ...
    WRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    QUAL               (azimuth, range) uint16 ...
    sweep_number       int64 ...
    prt_mode           <U7 ...
    follow_mode        <U7 ...
    sweep_fixed_angle  float64 ...

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
- azimuth: 1376
- range: 602
Coordinates: (8)
- elevation
  (azimuth)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  ray_elevation_angle
  long_name :
  elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_elevation_coordinate
```
[1376 values with dtype=float32]
```
- range
  (range)
  float32
  25.0 75.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  projection_range_coordinate
  long_name :
  range_to_measurement_volume
  axis :
  radial_range_coordinate
  meters_between_gates :
  50.0
  spacing_is_constant :
  true
  meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
  25.0
```
array([2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
       3.0075e+04], dtype=float32)
```
- time
  (azimuth)
  datetime64[ns]
  2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500 .....
  standard_name :
  time
```
array(['2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.288556500',
       '2021-07-30T16:00:06.299389500', ..., '2021-07-30T16:00:06.245224500',
       '2021-07-30T16:00:06.256057500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.266890500'],
      dtype='datetime64[ns]')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- azimuth
  (azimuth)
  float32
  0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.7 359.9
  standard_name :
  ray_azimuth_angle
  long_name :
  azimuth_angle_from_true_north
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_azimuth_coordinate
```
array([2.1000e-01, 4.7000e-01, 7.4000e-01, ..., 3.5942e+02, 3.5968e+02,
       3.5994e+02], dtype=float32)
```
Data variables: (13)
- RATE
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  rainfall_rate
  units :
  mm h-1
  long_name :
  rainfall_rate
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- DBZH
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
  units :
  dBZ
  long_name :
  Equivalent reflectivity factor H
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- VRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
```
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
```
- ZDR
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
  units :
  dB
  long_name :
  Log differential reflectivity H/V
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- KDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees per kilometer
  long_name :
  Specific differential phase HV
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- PHIDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees
  long_name :
  Differential phase HV
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- RHOHV
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
  units :
  unitless
  long_name :
  Correlation coefficient HV
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```
- WRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Doppler spectrum width H
```
[828352 values with dtype=float64]
```
- QUAL
  (azimuth, range)
  uint16
  ...
```
[828352 values with dtype=uint16]
```
- sweep_number
  ()
  int64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=int64]
```
- prt_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- follow_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- sweep_fixed_angle
  ()
  float64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
Attributes: (0)

Georeferencing#

[6]:

swp = vol["sweep_0"].ds.copy()
swp = swp.assign_coords(sweep_mode=swp.sweep_mode)
swp = swp.wrl.georef.georeference()

Inspect radar moments#

The DataArrays can be accessed by key or by attribute. Each DataArray has dimensions and coordinates of it’s parent dataset.

[7]:

display(swp.DBZH)

<xarray.DataArray 'DBZH' (azimuth: 1376, range: 602)>
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
Coordinates: (12/15)
    elevation   (azimuth) float32 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 ... 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
  * range       (range) float32 25.0 75.0 125.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
    time        (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500 ... 20...
    sweep_mode  <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude   float64 15.45
    latitude    float64 47.08
    ...          ...
    y           (azimuth, range) float32 24.77 74.3 ... 2.973e+04 2.978e+04
    z           (azimuth, range) float32 411.0 418.0 ... 4.535e+03 4.542e+03
    gr          (azimuth, range) float32 24.77 74.3 ... 2.973e+04 2.978e+04
    rays        (azimuth, range) float32 0.21 0.21 0.21 ... 359.9 359.9 359.9
    bins        (azimuth, range) float32 25.0 75.0 125.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
    crs_wkt     int64 0
Attributes:
    standard_name:  radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
    units:          dBZ
    long_name:      Equivalent reflectivity factor H

xarray.DataArray

'DBZH'

azimuth: 1376
range: 602

...
```
[828352 values with dtype=float32]
```

Coordinates: (15)

elevation
(azimuth)
float32
7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 ... 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
```
array([7.8, 7.8, 7.8, ..., 7.8, 7.8, 7.8], dtype=float32)
```
range
(range)
float32
25.0 75.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
50.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
25.0
```
array([2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
       3.0075e+04], dtype=float32)
```

time

(azimuth)

datetime64[ns]

2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500 .....

standard_name :: time

array(['2021-07-30T16:00:06.277723500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.288556500',
       '2021-07-30T16:00:06.299389500', ..., '2021-07-30T16:00:06.245224500',
       '2021-07-30T16:00:06.256057500', '2021-07-30T16:00:06.266890500'],
      dtype='datetime64[ns]')

sweep_mode

()

<U20

'azimuth_surveillance'

array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')

longitude
()
float64
15.45
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
```
array(15.44729)
```
latitude
()
float64
47.08
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
```
array(47.07734)
```
altitude
()
float64
407.9
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
```
array(407.9)
```
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.21 0.47 0.74 ... 359.7 359.9
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
```
array([2.1000e-01, 4.7000e-01, 7.4000e-01, ..., 3.5942e+02, 3.5968e+02,
       3.5994e+02], dtype=float32)
```

(azimuth, range)

float32

0.09078 0.2723 ... -31.13 -31.18

standard_name :: east_west_distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[ 9.0776764e-02,  2.7233008e-01,  4.5388305e-01, ...,
         1.0878881e+02,  1.0897019e+02,  1.0915156e+02],
       [ 2.0316811e-01,  6.0950381e-01,  1.0158389e+00, ...,
         2.4348097e+02,  2.4388693e+02,  2.4429285e+02],
       [ 3.1987444e-01,  9.5962244e-01,  1.5993695e+00, ...,
         3.8334433e+02,  3.8398346e+02,  3.8462256e+02],
       ...,
       [-2.5072306e-01, -7.5216854e-01, -1.2536131e+00, ...,
        -3.0047183e+02, -3.0097281e+02, -3.0147375e+02],
       [-1.3833025e-01, -4.1499040e-01, -6.9165009e-01, ...,
        -1.6577792e+02, -1.6605432e+02, -1.6633070e+02],
       [-2.5934599e-02, -7.7803731e-02, -1.2967278e-01, ...,
        -3.1080576e+01, -3.1132397e+01, -3.1184212e+01]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

24.77 74.3 ... 2.973e+04 2.978e+04

standard_name :: north_south_distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[2.47673321e+01, 7.43019257e+01, 1.23836449e+02, ...,
        2.96816973e+04, 2.97311836e+04, 2.97806680e+04],
       [2.47666645e+01, 7.42999344e+01, 1.23833115e+02, ...,
        2.96808984e+04, 2.97303848e+04, 2.97798672e+04],
       [2.47654324e+01, 7.42962341e+01, 1.23826950e+02, ...,
        2.96794219e+04, 2.97289062e+04, 2.97783867e+04],
       ...,
       [2.47662277e+01, 7.42986221e+01, 1.23830933e+02, ...,
        2.96803750e+04, 2.97298613e+04, 2.97793418e+04],
       [2.47671108e+01, 7.43012695e+01, 1.23835350e+02, ...,
        2.96814336e+04, 2.97309199e+04, 2.97804043e+04],
       [2.47674847e+01, 7.43023911e+01, 1.23837212e+02, ...,
        2.96818809e+04, 2.97313691e+04, 2.97808535e+04]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

411.0 418.0 ... 4.535e+03 4.542e+03

standard_name :: height_above_ground
units :: meters

array([[ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.],
       [ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.],
       [ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.],
       ...,
       [ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.],
       [ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.],
       [ 411.,  418.,  425., ..., 4528., 4535., 4542.]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

24.77 74.3 ... 2.973e+04 2.978e+04

standard_name :: distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[2.47698765e+01, 7.43048019e+01, 1.23839661e+02, ...,
        2.96818984e+04, 2.97313867e+04, 2.97808691e+04],
       [2.47698803e+01, 7.43048172e+01, 1.23839661e+02, ...,
        2.96818984e+04, 2.97313867e+04, 2.97808691e+04],
       [2.47698879e+01, 7.43048248e+01, 1.23839668e+02, ...,
        2.96819004e+04, 2.97313887e+04, 2.97808730e+04],
       ...,
       [2.47698555e+01, 7.43047867e+01, 1.23839638e+02, ...,
        2.96818984e+04, 2.97313867e+04, 2.97808691e+04],
       [2.47698631e+01, 7.43047943e+01, 1.23839645e+02, ...,
        2.96818984e+04, 2.97313867e+04, 2.97808691e+04],
       [2.47698689e+01, 7.43048019e+01, 1.23839653e+02, ...,
        2.96818984e+04, 2.97313867e+04, 2.97808711e+04]], dtype=float32)

rays

(azimuth, range)

float32

0.21 0.21 0.21 ... 359.9 359.9

standard_name :: ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :: azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :: degrees
axis :: radial_azimuth_coordinate

array([[2.0999999e-01, 2.0999999e-01, 2.0999999e-01, ..., 2.0999999e-01,
        2.0999999e-01, 2.0999999e-01],
       [4.7000000e-01, 4.7000000e-01, 4.7000000e-01, ..., 4.7000000e-01,
        4.7000000e-01, 4.7000000e-01],
       [7.4000001e-01, 7.4000001e-01, 7.4000001e-01, ..., 7.4000001e-01,
        7.4000001e-01, 7.4000001e-01],
       ...,
       [3.5941998e+02, 3.5941998e+02, 3.5941998e+02, ..., 3.5941998e+02,
        3.5941998e+02, 3.5941998e+02],
       [3.5967999e+02, 3.5967999e+02, 3.5967999e+02, ..., 3.5967999e+02,
        3.5967999e+02, 3.5967999e+02],
       [3.5994000e+02, 3.5994000e+02, 3.5994000e+02, ..., 3.5994000e+02,
        3.5994000e+02, 3.5994000e+02]], dtype=float32)

bins

(azimuth, range)

float32

25.0 75.0 ... 3.002e+04 3.008e+04

units :: meters
standard_name :: projection_range_coordinate
long_name :: range_to_measurement_volume
axis :: radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :: 50.0
spacing_is_constant :: true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :: 25.0

array([[2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04],
       [2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04],
       [2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04],
       ...,
       [2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04],
       [2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04],
       [2.5000e+01, 7.5000e+01, 1.2500e+02, ..., 2.9975e+04, 3.0025e+04,
        3.0075e+04]], dtype=float32)

crs_wkt
()
int64
0
crs_wkt :
PROJCRS["unknown",BASEGEOGCRS["unknown",DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],ID["EPSG",6326]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8901]]],CONVERSION["unknown",METHOD["Modified Azimuthal Equidistant",ID["EPSG",9832]],PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",47.07734,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8801]],PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",15.44729,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8802]],PARAMETER["False easting",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8806]],PARAMETER["False northing",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8807]]],CS[Cartesian,2],AXIS["(E)",east,ORDER[1],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1,ID["EPSG",9001]]],AXIS["(N)",north,ORDER[2],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1,ID["EPSG",9001]]]]
semi_major_axis :
6378137.0
semi_minor_axis :
6356752.314245179
inverse_flattening :
298.257223563
reference_ellipsoid_name :
WGS 84
longitude_of_prime_meridian :
0.0
prime_meridian_name :
Greenwich
geographic_crs_name :
unknown
horizontal_datum_name :
World Geodetic System 1984
projected_crs_name :
unknown
grid_mapping_name :
azimuthal_equidistant
latitude_of_projection_origin :
47.07734
longitude_of_projection_origin :
15.44729
false_easting :
0.0
false_northing :
0.0
```
array(0)
```

Indexes: (2)

range

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([   25.0,    75.0,   125.0,   175.0,   225.0,   275.0,   325.0,   375.0,
         425.0,   475.0,
       ...
       29625.0, 29675.0, 29725.0, 29775.0, 29825.0, 29875.0, 29925.0, 29975.0,
       30025.0, 30075.0],
      dtype='float32', name='range', length=602))

azimuth

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([0.20999999344348907,  0.4699999988079071,  0.7400000095367432,
                       1.0,  1.2599999904632568,  1.5299999713897705,
        1.7899999618530273,   2.049999952316284,   2.319999933242798,
        2.5799999237060547,
       ...
         357.6199951171875,   357.8800048828125,   358.1399841308594,
         358.4100036621094,  358.66998291015625,  358.92999267578125,
         359.1999816894531,  359.41998291015625,  359.67999267578125,
        359.94000244140625],
      dtype='float32', name='azimuth', length=1376))

Attributes: (3)
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H

Create simple plot#

Using xarray features a simple plot can be created like this. Note the sortby('time') method, which sorts the radials by time.

For more details on plotting radar data see under Visualization.

[8]:

swp.DBZH.sortby("time").plot(x="range", y="time", add_labels=False)

[8]:

<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7f77495a92d0>

../../../_images/notebooks_fileio_backends_furuno_backend_16_1.png

[9]:

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
pm = swp.DBZH.wrl.vis.plot(crs={"latmin": 3e3}, fig=fig)

../../../_images/notebooks_fileio_backends_furuno_backend_17_0.png

Use `xr.open_dataset` to retrieve explicit group#

Load furuno scnx Data#

Data provided by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences.

[10]:

fpath = "furuno/2006_20220324_000000_000.scnx.gz"
f = wrl.util.get_wradlib_data_file(fpath)
vol = xd.io.open_furuno_datatree(f, reindex_angle=False)

Downloading file 'furuno/2006_20220324_000000_000.scnx.gz' from 'https://github.com/wradlib/wradlib-data/raw/pooch/data/furuno/2006_20220324_000000_000.scnx.gz' to '/home/runner/work/wradlib/wradlib/wradlib-data'.

Inspect RadarVolume#

[11]:

display(vol)

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:              ()
Data variables:
    volume_number        int64 0
    platform_type        <U5 'fixed'
    instrument_type      <U5 'radar'
    time_coverage_start  <U20 '2022-03-24T00:00:01Z'
    time_coverage_end    <U20 '2022-03-24T00:00:28Z'
    sweep_mode           <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude            float64 13.24
    altitude             float64 38.0
    latitude             float64 53.55
Attributes:
    Conventions:      None
    version:          None
    title:            None
    institution:      None
    references:       None
    source:           None
    history:          None
    comment:          im/exported using xradar
    instrument_name:  None

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (1)
<xarray.DatasetView> Dimensions: (azimuth: 722, range: 936) Coordinates: elevation (azimuth) float32 ... * range (range) float32 37.5 112.5 187.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04 time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500... sweep_mode <U20 ... longitude float64 ... latitude float64 ... altitude float64 ... * azimuth (azimuth) float32 0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 358.7 359.2 359.7 Data variables: (12/13) RATE (azimuth, range) float32 ... DBZH (azimuth, range) float32 ... VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... ZDR (azimuth, range) float32 ... KDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... PHIDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... ... ... WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... QUAL (azimuth, range) uint16 ... sweep_number int64 ... prt_mode <U7 ... follow_mode <U7 ... sweep_fixed_angle float64 ...
sweep_0
Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
azimuth: 722
range: 936
Coordinates: (8)
elevation
(azimuth)
float32
...
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
[722 values with dtype=float32]
range
(range)
float32
37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
75.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
37.5
array([3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04, 7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04], dtype=float32)
time
(azimuth)
datetime64[ns]
2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500 .....
standard_name :
time
array(['2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.695220500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.734001500', ..., '2022-03-24T00:00:17.540096500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.578877500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.617658500'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
sweep_mode
()
<U20
...
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
longitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
latitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
altitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 359.2 359.7
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
array([1.9000e-01, 6.8000e-01, 1.1600e+00, ..., 3.5866e+02, 3.5918e+02, 3.5967e+02], dtype=float32)
Data variables: (13)
RATE
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
rainfall_rate
units :
mm h-1
long_name :
rainfall_rate
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
DBZH
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
VRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
ZDR
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
units :
dB
long_name :
Log differential reflectivity H/V
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
KDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees per kilometer
long_name :
Specific differential phase HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
PHIDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees
long_name :
Differential phase HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
RHOHV
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
units :
unitless
long_name :
Correlation coefficient HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
WRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Doppler spectrum width H
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
QUAL
(azimuth, range)
uint16
...
[675792 values with dtype=uint16]
sweep_number
()
int64
...
[1 values with dtype=int64]
prt_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
follow_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
sweep_fixed_angle
()
float64
...
[1 values with dtype=float64]
Attributes: (0)
Dimensions:
Coordinates: (0)
Data variables: (9)
- volume_number
  ()
  int64
  0
```
array(0)
```
- platform_type
  ()
  <U5
  'fixed'
```
array('fixed', dtype='<U5')
```
- instrument_type
  ()
  <U5
  'radar'
```
array('radar', dtype='<U5')
```
- time_coverage_start
  ()
  <U20
  '2022-03-24T00:00:01Z'
```
array('2022-03-24T00:00:01Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- time_coverage_end
  ()
  <U20
  '2022-03-24T00:00:28Z'
```
array('2022-03-24T00:00:28Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  'azimuth_surveillance'
```
array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  13.24
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
array(13.24397)
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  38.0
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
array(38.)
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  53.55
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
array(53.55478)
```
Attributes: (9)
Conventions :
None
version :
None
title :
None
institution :
None
references :
None
source :
None
history :
None
comment :
im/exported using xradar
instrument_name :
None

Inspect root group#

The sweep dimension contains the number of scans in this radar volume. Further the dataset consists of variables (location coordinates, time_coverage) and attributes (Conventions, metadata).

[12]:

vol.root

[12]:

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:              ()
Data variables:
    volume_number        int64 0
    platform_type        <U5 'fixed'
    instrument_type      <U5 'radar'
    time_coverage_start  <U20 '2022-03-24T00:00:01Z'
    time_coverage_end    <U20 '2022-03-24T00:00:28Z'
    sweep_mode           <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude            float64 13.24
    altitude             float64 38.0
    latitude             float64 53.55
Attributes:
    Conventions:      None
    version:          None
    title:            None
    institution:      None
    references:       None
    source:           None
    history:          None
    comment:          im/exported using xradar
    instrument_name:  None

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (1)
<xarray.DatasetView> Dimensions: (azimuth: 722, range: 936) Coordinates: elevation (azimuth) float32 ... * range (range) float32 37.5 112.5 187.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04 time (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500... sweep_mode <U20 ... longitude float64 ... latitude float64 ... altitude float64 ... * azimuth (azimuth) float32 0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 358.7 359.2 359.7 Data variables: (12/13) RATE (azimuth, range) float32 ... DBZH (azimuth, range) float32 ... VRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... ZDR (azimuth, range) float32 ... KDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... PHIDP (azimuth, range) float32 ... ... ... WRADH (azimuth, range) float64 ... QUAL (azimuth, range) uint16 ... sweep_number int64 ... prt_mode <U7 ... follow_mode <U7 ... sweep_fixed_angle float64 ...
sweep_0
Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
azimuth: 722
range: 936
Coordinates: (8)
elevation
(azimuth)
float32
...
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
[722 values with dtype=float32]
range
(range)
float32
37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
75.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
37.5
array([3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04, 7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04], dtype=float32)
time
(azimuth)
datetime64[ns]
2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500 .....
standard_name :
time
array(['2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.695220500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.734001500', ..., '2022-03-24T00:00:17.540096500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.578877500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.617658500'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
sweep_mode
()
<U20
...
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
longitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
latitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
altitude
()
float64
...
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
[1 values with dtype=float64]
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 359.2 359.7
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
array([1.9000e-01, 6.8000e-01, 1.1600e+00, ..., 3.5866e+02, 3.5918e+02, 3.5967e+02], dtype=float32)
Data variables: (13)
RATE
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
rainfall_rate
units :
mm h-1
long_name :
rainfall_rate
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
DBZH
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
VRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
ZDR
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
units :
dB
long_name :
Log differential reflectivity H/V
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
KDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees per kilometer
long_name :
Specific differential phase HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
PHIDP
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_differential_phase_hv
units :
degrees
long_name :
Differential phase HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
RHOHV
(azimuth, range)
float32
...
standard_name :
radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
units :
unitless
long_name :
Correlation coefficient HV
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
WRADH
(azimuth, range)
float64
...
standard_name :
radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
units :
meters per seconds
long_name :
Doppler spectrum width H
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
QUAL
(azimuth, range)
uint16
...
[675792 values with dtype=uint16]
sweep_number
()
int64
...
[1 values with dtype=int64]
prt_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
follow_mode
()
<U7
...
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
sweep_fixed_angle
()
float64
...
[1 values with dtype=float64]
Attributes: (0)
Dimensions:
Coordinates: (0)
Data variables: (9)
- volume_number
  ()
  int64
  0
```
array(0)
```
- platform_type
  ()
  <U5
  'fixed'
```
array('fixed', dtype='<U5')
```
- instrument_type
  ()
  <U5
  'radar'
```
array('radar', dtype='<U5')
```
- time_coverage_start
  ()
  <U20
  '2022-03-24T00:00:01Z'
```
array('2022-03-24T00:00:01Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- time_coverage_end
  ()
  <U20
  '2022-03-24T00:00:28Z'
```
array('2022-03-24T00:00:28Z', dtype='<U20')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  'azimuth_surveillance'
```
array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  13.24
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
array(13.24397)
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  38.0
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
array(38.)
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  53.55
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
array(53.55478)
```
Attributes: (9)
Conventions :
None
version :
None
title :
None
institution :
None
references :
None
source :
None
history :
None
comment :
im/exported using xradar
instrument_name :
None

Inspect sweep group(s)#

[13]:

display(vol["sweep_0"])

<xarray.DatasetView>
Dimensions:            (azimuth: 722, range: 936)
Coordinates:
    elevation          (azimuth) float32 ...
  * range              (range) float32 37.5 112.5 187.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
    time               (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500...
    sweep_mode         <U20 ...
    longitude          float64 ...
    latitude           float64 ...
    altitude           float64 ...
  * azimuth            (azimuth) float32 0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 358.7 359.2 359.7
Data variables: (12/13)
    RATE               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    DBZH               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    VRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    ZDR                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    KDP                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    PHIDP              (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    ...                 ...
    WRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    QUAL               (azimuth, range) uint16 ...
    sweep_number       int64 ...
    prt_mode           <U7 ...
    follow_mode        <U7 ...
    sweep_fixed_angle  float64 ...

datatree.DataTree

Groups: (0)
Dimensions:
- azimuth: 722
- range: 936
Coordinates: (8)
- elevation
  (azimuth)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  ray_elevation_angle
  long_name :
  elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_elevation_coordinate
```
[722 values with dtype=float32]
```
- range
  (range)
  float32
  37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  projection_range_coordinate
  long_name :
  range_to_measurement_volume
  axis :
  radial_range_coordinate
  meters_between_gates :
  75.0
  spacing_is_constant :
  true
  meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
  37.5
```
array([3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04, 7.00875e+04,
       7.01625e+04], dtype=float32)
```
- time
  (azimuth)
  datetime64[ns]
  2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500 .....
  standard_name :
  time
```
array(['2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.695220500',
       '2022-03-24T00:00:17.734001500', ..., '2022-03-24T00:00:17.540096500',
       '2022-03-24T00:00:17.578877500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.617658500'],
      dtype='datetime64[ns]')
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- azimuth
  (azimuth)
  float32
  0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 359.2 359.7
  standard_name :
  ray_azimuth_angle
  long_name :
  azimuth_angle_from_true_north
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_azimuth_coordinate
```
array([1.9000e-01, 6.8000e-01, 1.1600e+00, ..., 3.5866e+02, 3.5918e+02,
       3.5967e+02], dtype=float32)
```
Data variables: (13)
- RATE
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  rainfall_rate
  units :
  mm h-1
  long_name :
  rainfall_rate
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- DBZH
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
  units :
  dBZ
  long_name :
  Equivalent reflectivity factor H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- VRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
```
- ZDR
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
  units :
  dB
  long_name :
  Log differential reflectivity H/V
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- KDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees per kilometer
  long_name :
  Specific differential phase HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- PHIDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees
  long_name :
  Differential phase HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- RHOHV
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
  units :
  unitless
  long_name :
  Correlation coefficient HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- WRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Doppler spectrum width H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
```
- QUAL
  (azimuth, range)
  uint16
  ...
```
[675792 values with dtype=uint16]
```
- sweep_number
  ()
  int64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=int64]
```
- prt_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- follow_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- sweep_fixed_angle
  ()
  float64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
Attributes: (0)

Georeferencing#

[14]:

swp = vol["sweep_0"].ds.copy()
swp = swp.assign_coords(sweep_mode=swp.sweep_mode)
swp = swp.wrl.georef.georeference()

Inspect radar moments#

The DataArrays can be accessed by key or by attribute. Each DataArray has dimensions and coordinates of it’s parent dataset.

[15]:

display(swp.DBZH)

<xarray.DataArray 'DBZH' (azimuth: 722, range: 936)>
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
Coordinates: (12/15)
    elevation   (azimuth) float32 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
  * range       (range) float32 37.5 112.5 187.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
    time        (azimuth) datetime64[ns] 2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500 ... 20...
    sweep_mode  <U20 'azimuth_surveillance'
    longitude   float64 13.24
    latitude    float64 53.55
    ...          ...
    y           (azimuth, range) float32 37.5 112.5 ... 7.008e+04 7.015e+04
    z           (azimuth, range) float32 38.0 39.0 39.0 ... 937.0 939.0 940.0
    gr          (azimuth, range) float32 37.53 112.5 ... 7.008e+04 7.015e+04
    rays        (azimuth, range) float32 0.19 0.19 0.19 ... 359.7 359.7 359.7
    bins        (azimuth, range) float32 37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
    crs_wkt     int64 0
Attributes:
    standard_name:  radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
    units:          dBZ
    long_name:      Equivalent reflectivity factor H

xarray.DataArray

'DBZH'

azimuth: 722
range: 936

...
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```

Coordinates: (15)

elevation
(azimuth)
float32
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
standard_name :
ray_elevation_angle
long_name :
elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_elevation_coordinate
```
array([0.5, 0.5, 0.5, ..., 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], dtype=float32)
```
range
(range)
float32
37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
units :
meters
standard_name :
projection_range_coordinate
long_name :
range_to_measurement_volume
axis :
radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :
75.0
spacing_is_constant :
true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
37.5
```
array([3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04, 7.00875e+04,
       7.01625e+04], dtype=float32)
```

time

(azimuth)

datetime64[ns]

2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500 .....

standard_name :: time

array(['2022-03-24T00:00:17.656439500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.695220500',
       '2022-03-24T00:00:17.734001500', ..., '2022-03-24T00:00:17.540096500',
       '2022-03-24T00:00:17.578877500', '2022-03-24T00:00:17.617658500'],
      dtype='datetime64[ns]')

sweep_mode

()

<U20

'azimuth_surveillance'

array('azimuth_surveillance', dtype='<U20')

longitude
()
float64
13.24
long_name :
longitude
units :
degrees_east
standard_name :
longitude
```
array(13.24397)
```
latitude
()
float64
53.55
long_name :
latitude
units :
degrees_north
positive :
up
standard_name :
latitude
```
array(53.55478)
```
altitude
()
float64
38.0
long_name :
altitude
units :
meters
standard_name :
altitude
```
array(38.)
```
azimuth
(azimuth)
float32
0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 359.2 359.7
standard_name :
ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :
azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :
degrees
axis :
radial_azimuth_coordinate
```
array([1.9000e-01, 6.8000e-01, 1.1600e+00, ..., 3.5866e+02, 3.5918e+02,
       3.5967e+02], dtype=float32)
```

(azimuth, range)

float32

0.1244 0.3731 ... -403.6 -404.1

standard_name :: east_west_distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[ 1.24353461e-01,  3.73060316e-01,  6.21767223e-01, ...,
         2.32145950e+02,  2.32394592e+02,  2.32643250e+02],
       [ 4.45032418e-01,  1.33509696e+00,  2.22516179e+00, ...,
         8.30796875e+02,  8.31686707e+02,  8.32576599e+02],
       [ 7.59135842e-01,  2.27740693e+00,  3.79567862e+00, ...,
         1.41717249e+03,  1.41869031e+03,  1.42020837e+03],
       ...,
       [-8.76911044e-01, -2.63073254e+00, -4.38455439e+00, ...,
        -1.63703796e+03, -1.63879126e+03, -1.64054480e+03],
       [-5.36650538e-01, -1.60995126e+00, -2.68325233e+00, ...,
        -1.00183173e+03, -1.00290472e+03, -1.00397784e+03],
       [-2.15978533e-01, -6.47935450e-01, -1.07989252e+00, ...,
        -4.03193756e+02, -4.03625580e+02, -4.04057465e+02]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

37.5 112.5 ... 7.008e+04 7.015e+04

standard_name :: north_south_distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[3.74981995e+01, 1.12494576e+02, 1.87490982e+02, ...,
        7.00025156e+04, 7.00774922e+04, 7.01524766e+04],
       [3.74957619e+01, 1.12487267e+02, 1.87478790e+02, ...,
        6.99979688e+04, 7.00729375e+04, 7.01479141e+04],
       [3.74907227e+01, 1.12472137e+02, 1.87453583e+02, ...,
        6.99885547e+04, 7.00635156e+04, 7.01384844e+04],
       ...,
       [3.74881516e+01, 1.12464432e+02, 1.87440735e+02, ...,
        6.99837578e+04, 7.00587109e+04, 7.01336719e+04],
       [3.74945641e+01, 1.12483673e+02, 1.87472809e+02, ...,
        6.99957266e+04, 7.00706953e+04, 7.01456719e+04],
       [3.74977837e+01, 1.12493332e+02, 1.87488892e+02, ...,
        7.00017422e+04, 7.00767109e+04, 7.01516953e+04]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

38.0 39.0 39.0 ... 939.0 940.0

standard_name :: height_above_ground
units :: meters

array([[ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.],
       [ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.],
       [ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.],
       ...,
       [ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.],
       [ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.],
       [ 38.,  39.,  39., ..., 937., 939., 940.]], dtype=float32)

(azimuth, range)

float32

37.53 112.5 ... 7.008e+04 7.015e+04

standard_name :: distance_from_radar
units :: meters

array([[3.7530857e+01, 1.1252764e+02, 1.8752446e+02, ..., 7.0002930e+04,
        7.0077906e+04, 7.0152891e+04],
       [3.7530663e+01, 1.1252744e+02, 1.8752425e+02, ..., 7.0002930e+04,
        7.0077906e+04, 7.0152883e+04],
       [3.7530479e+01, 1.1252726e+02, 1.8752408e+02, ..., 7.0002930e+04,
        7.0077906e+04, 7.0152891e+04],
       ...,
       [3.7531437e+01, 1.1252822e+02, 1.8752502e+02, ..., 7.0002930e+04,
        7.0077914e+04, 7.0152891e+04],
       [3.7531239e+01, 1.1252802e+02, 1.8752484e+02, ..., 7.0002930e+04,
        7.0077906e+04, 7.0152891e+04],
       [3.7531055e+01, 1.1252785e+02, 1.8752464e+02, ..., 7.0002938e+04,
        7.0077906e+04, 7.0152891e+04]], dtype=float32)

rays

(azimuth, range)

float32

0.19 0.19 0.19 ... 359.7 359.7

standard_name :: ray_azimuth_angle
long_name :: azimuth_angle_from_true_north
units :: degrees
axis :: radial_azimuth_coordinate

array([[1.9000000e-01, 1.9000000e-01, 1.9000000e-01, ..., 1.9000000e-01,
        1.9000000e-01, 1.9000000e-01],
       [6.8000001e-01, 6.8000001e-01, 6.8000001e-01, ..., 6.8000001e-01,
        6.8000001e-01, 6.8000001e-01],
       [1.1600000e+00, 1.1600000e+00, 1.1600000e+00, ..., 1.1600000e+00,
        1.1600000e+00, 1.1600000e+00],
       ...,
       [3.5866000e+02, 3.5866000e+02, 3.5866000e+02, ..., 3.5866000e+02,
        3.5866000e+02, 3.5866000e+02],
       [3.5917999e+02, 3.5917999e+02, 3.5917999e+02, ..., 3.5917999e+02,
        3.5917999e+02, 3.5917999e+02],
       [3.5966998e+02, 3.5966998e+02, 3.5966998e+02, ..., 3.5966998e+02,
        3.5966998e+02, 3.5966998e+02]], dtype=float32)

bins

(azimuth, range)

float32

37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04

units :: meters
standard_name :: projection_range_coordinate
long_name :: range_to_measurement_volume
axis :: radial_range_coordinate
meters_between_gates :: 75.0
spacing_is_constant :: true
meters_to_center_of_first_gate :: 37.5

array([[3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04],
       [3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04],
       [3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04],
       ...,
       [3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04],
       [3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04],
       [3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04,
        7.00875e+04, 7.01625e+04]], dtype=float32)

crs_wkt
()
int64
0
crs_wkt :
PROJCRS["unknown",BASEGEOGCRS["unknown",DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],ID["EPSG",6326]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8901]]],CONVERSION["unknown",METHOD["Modified Azimuthal Equidistant",ID["EPSG",9832]],PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",53.55478,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8801]],PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",13.24397,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8802]],PARAMETER["False easting",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8806]],PARAMETER["False northing",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8807]]],CS[Cartesian,2],AXIS["(E)",east,ORDER[1],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1,ID["EPSG",9001]]],AXIS["(N)",north,ORDER[2],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1,ID["EPSG",9001]]]]
semi_major_axis :
6378137.0
semi_minor_axis :
6356752.314245179
inverse_flattening :
298.257223563
reference_ellipsoid_name :
WGS 84
longitude_of_prime_meridian :
0.0
prime_meridian_name :
Greenwich
geographic_crs_name :
unknown
horizontal_datum_name :
World Geodetic System 1984
projected_crs_name :
unknown
grid_mapping_name :
azimuthal_equidistant
latitude_of_projection_origin :
53.55478
longitude_of_projection_origin :
13.24397
false_easting :
0.0
false_northing :
0.0
```
array(0)
```

Indexes: (2)

range

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([   37.5,   112.5,   187.5,   262.5,   337.5,   412.5,   487.5,   562.5,
         637.5,   712.5,
       ...
       69487.5, 69562.5, 69637.5, 69712.5, 69787.5, 69862.5, 69937.5, 70012.5,
       70087.5, 70162.5],
      dtype='float32', name='range', length=936))

azimuth

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([0.1899999976158142, 0.6800000071525574,  1.159999966621399,
       1.6899999380111694,  2.169999837875366, 2.6499998569488525,
        3.179999828338623,  3.669999837875366,  4.150000095367432,
        4.679999828338623,
       ...
       355.17999267578125, 355.66998291015625, 356.19000244140625,
       356.67999267578125,  357.1600036621094, 357.69000244140625,
       358.16998291015625,  358.6600036621094, 359.17999267578125,
       359.66998291015625],
      dtype='float32', name='azimuth', length=722))

Attributes: (3)
standard_name :
radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
units :
dBZ
long_name :
Equivalent reflectivity factor H

Create simple plot#

Currently the data dynamic range is left as read from the file. That way the difference between shortpulse and longpulse can be clearly seen.

Using xarray features a simple plot can be created like this. Note the sortby('time') method, which sorts the radials by time.

For more details on plotting radar data see under Visualization.

[16]:

swp.DBZH.sortby("time").plot(x="range", y="time", add_labels=False)

[16]:

<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7f77492df490>

../../../_images/notebooks_fileio_backends_furuno_backend_32_1.png

[17]:

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
pm = swp.DBZH.wrl.vis.plot(crs={"latmin": 3e3}, fig=fig)

../../../_images/notebooks_fileio_backends_furuno_backend_33_0.png

More Furuno loading mechanisms#

Use `xr.open_dataset` to retrieve explicit group#

[18]:

swp_b = xr.open_dataset(f, engine="furuno", backend_kwargs=dict(reindex_angle=False))
display(swp_b)

<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:            (azimuth: 722, range: 936)
Coordinates:
    elevation          (azimuth) float32 ...
  * range              (range) float32 37.5 112.5 187.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
    time               (azimuth) datetime64[ns] ...
    sweep_mode         <U20 ...
    longitude          float64 ...
    latitude           float64 ...
    altitude           float64 ...
  * azimuth            (azimuth) float32 0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 358.7 359.2 359.7
Data variables: (12/13)
    RATE               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    DBZH               (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    VRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    ZDR                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    KDP                (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    PHIDP              (azimuth, range) float32 ...
    ...                 ...
    WRADH              (azimuth, range) float64 ...
    QUAL               (azimuth, range) uint16 ...
    sweep_number       int64 ...
    prt_mode           <U7 ...
    follow_mode        <U7 ...
    sweep_fixed_angle  float64 ...

xarray.Dataset

Dimensions:
- azimuth: 722
- range: 936
Coordinates: (8)
- elevation
  (azimuth)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  ray_elevation_angle
  long_name :
  elevation_angle_from_horizontal_plane
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_elevation_coordinate
```
[722 values with dtype=float32]
```
- range
  (range)
  float32
  37.5 112.5 ... 7.009e+04 7.016e+04
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  projection_range_coordinate
  long_name :
  range_to_measurement_volume
  axis :
  radial_range_coordinate
  meters_between_gates :
  75.0
  spacing_is_constant :
  true
  meters_to_center_of_first_gate :
  37.5
```
array([3.75000e+01, 1.12500e+02, 1.87500e+02, ..., 7.00125e+04, 7.00875e+04,
       7.01625e+04], dtype=float32)
```
- time
  (azimuth)
  datetime64[ns]
  ...
  standard_name :
  time
```
[722 values with dtype=datetime64[ns]]
```
- sweep_mode
  ()
  <U20
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U20]
```
- longitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  longitude
  units :
  degrees_east
  standard_name :
  longitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- latitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  latitude
  units :
  degrees_north
  positive :
  up
  standard_name :
  latitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- altitude
  ()
  float64
  ...
  long_name :
  altitude
  units :
  meters
  standard_name :
  altitude
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```
- azimuth
  (azimuth)
  float32
  0.19 0.68 1.16 ... 359.2 359.7
  standard_name :
  ray_azimuth_angle
  long_name :
  azimuth_angle_from_true_north
  units :
  degrees
  axis :
  radial_azimuth_coordinate
```
array([1.9000e-01, 6.8000e-01, 1.1600e+00, ..., 3.5866e+02, 3.5918e+02,
       3.5967e+02], dtype=float32)
```
Data variables: (13)
- RATE
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  rainfall_rate
  units :
  mm h-1
  long_name :
  rainfall_rate
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- DBZH
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_equivalent_reflectivity_factor_h
  units :
  dBZ
  long_name :
  Equivalent reflectivity factor H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- VRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radial_velocity_of_scatterers_away_from_instrument_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Radial velocity of scatterers away from instrument H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
```
- ZDR
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_reflectivity_hv
  units :
  dB
  long_name :
  Log differential reflectivity H/V
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- KDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_specific_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees per kilometer
  long_name :
  Specific differential phase HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- PHIDP
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_differential_phase_hv
  units :
  degrees
  long_name :
  Differential phase HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- RHOHV
  (azimuth, range)
  float32
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_correlation_coefficient_hv
  units :
  unitless
  long_name :
  Correlation coefficient HV
```
[675792 values with dtype=float32]
```
- WRADH
  (azimuth, range)
  float64
  ...
  standard_name :
  radar_doppler_spectrum_width_h
  units :
  meters per seconds
  long_name :
  Doppler spectrum width H
```
[675792 values with dtype=float64]
```
- QUAL
  (azimuth, range)
  uint16
  ...
```
[675792 values with dtype=uint16]
```
- sweep_number
  ()
  int64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=int64]
```
- prt_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- follow_mode
  ()
  <U7
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=<U7]
```
- sweep_fixed_angle
  ()
  float64
  ...
```
[1 values with dtype=float64]
```

Indexes: (2)

range

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([   37.5,   112.5,   187.5,   262.5,   337.5,   412.5,   487.5,   562.5,
         637.5,   712.5,
       ...
       69487.5, 69562.5, 69637.5, 69712.5, 69787.5, 69862.5, 69937.5, 70012.5,
       70087.5, 70162.5],
      dtype='float32', name='range', length=936))

azimuth

PandasIndex

PandasIndex(Index([0.1899999976158142, 0.6800000071525574,  1.159999966621399,
       1.6899999380111694,  2.169999837875366, 2.6499998569488525,
        3.179999828338623,  3.669999837875366,  4.150000095367432,
        4.679999828338623,
       ...
       355.17999267578125, 355.66998291015625, 356.19000244140625,
       356.67999267578125,  357.1600036621094, 357.69000244140625,
       358.16998291015625,  358.6600036621094, 359.17999267578125,
       359.66998291015625],
      dtype='float32', name='azimuth', length=722))

Attributes: (0)

xradar furuno backend

Contents

xradar furuno backend#

Load furuno scn Data#

Inspect RadarVolume#

Inspect root group#

Inspect sweep group(s)#

Georeferencing#

Inspect radar moments#

Create simple plot#

Use xr.open_dataset to retrieve explicit group#

Load furuno scnx Data#

Inspect RadarVolume#

Inspect root group#

Inspect sweep group(s)#

Georeferencing#

Inspect radar moments#

Create simple plot#

More Furuno loading mechanisms#

Use xr.open_dataset to retrieve explicit group#

Use `xr.open_dataset` to retrieve explicit group#

Use `xr.open_dataset` to retrieve explicit group#